Indica vs Sativa Myths Fact Checked
Myths abound regarding the classification of indica vs sativa strains. This is due largely to the fact that these two types of cannabis plants have been interbred continuously for the last 60 years. While Cannabis indica and Cannabis sativa may once have been botanically distinct, their characteristic physical features now have little relationship to their biochemical profiles or the psychoactive effects consumers can expect.
Studies have come out showing that cannabis samples labeled “indica” and “sativa” were indistinct on a genome scale, casting doubt on labeling conventions in the cannabis industry. So, is this conventional labeling system simply a marketing ploy? Let's take a closer look at cannabis strain designations and find out the real situation.
Top Myths and Truths about Indicas and Sativas
You may have heard the following myths about indica vs sativa strains. After explaining the top myths, we’ll cover a few truths about these common labels to help you understand some of the nuances behind cannabis designations and effects.
Myth: Sativas Are High in THC and Indicas Are High in CBD
One of the most popular beliefs in the cannabis community is that sativa strains possess high THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) levels while indicas have high CBD (cannabidiol) levels. This myth comes from an earlier misconception that THC energizes while CBD is a sedative—a hypothesis that turned out to be false. In actual fact, both cannabis compounds can have differing effects on energy levels depending on the dose consumed.
Here’s the truth: There are high and low THC and high and low CBD strains in both designations. For example, Gorilla Glue #4 is a potent indica-dominant hybrid with a high THC content, whereas Charlotte's Web, a sativa-dominant strain, has high levels of CBD. The energizing or sedative effects of different cannabis strains appear to have more to do with terpenes than cannabinoids (more on this below).
Myth: Genetic Sativas Are Uplifting and Genetic Indicas Are Relaxing
It is said that sativa-dominant strains provide energy and make people feel active, motivated, and creative, whereas indicas are best for relaxation and sleeping. When people talk about “sativa” and “indica” in this respect, they presume that they are talking about genetic sativas and genetic indicas.
Here’s the truth: An analysis of more than 100 cannabis samples showed that there is no difference between indica and sativa-labeled strains on a genome-wide scale. Experts also affirm that the physical characteristics of a cannabis plant have little connection to that plant’s biochemical content. It is the biochemical content of a given strain that creates its signature effects.
Even if pure genetic indicas or sativas did once have distinct biochemical profiles, several decades of interbreeding mean that leaf shape today means very little in terms of a strain’s profile and effects.
Truth: Genetic Sativas and Indicas Have Physical Differences
The “indica” vs “sativa” designation may mean little in terms of the biochemical profile and psychoactive effects of a given strain. However, the physical differences between indica and sativa are real.
Cannabis sativa plants are tall with thin leaves whereas Cannabis indica plants are shorter with broad and dark leaves. The buds of indica plants are also more expansive and dense.
Sativa plants take longer to mature compared to indica plants.
Sativa plants thrive in more tropical and humid climates. Indica plants prefer drier climates.
Truth: Terpenes Play a Significant Role in Strains' Effects
Terpenes are organic compounds found in the cannabis plant as well as many other aromatic plants. They are thought to affect the way in which cannabinoids like THC or CBD engage with the brain. The concentration of certain terpenes in sativa or indica strains may contribute to the characteristic effects that a person feels when experiencing a “high” from these strains.
Sativa strains typically contain more terpenes like limonene and pinene with properties that lend to a more uplifting and energetic high. Indica strains typically contain more myrcene and linalool, which may induce a state of relaxation.
Truth: Strain Effect Descriptions Are a Useful Starting Point
“Sativa” or “indica” labels based on anecdotal accounts of a strain’s effects are still a helpful starting point for choosing a strain to try—even if the label isn’t technically correct from a botanical point of view. Indica vs sativa descriptions are typically summaries of users’ experiences, which may vary somewhat from one user to another but have some overarching themes.
It is important to remember that every person has a different body chemistry, which can impact how cannabis works for them. Experimenting with a range of “sativa” and “indica” strains is the best way to find strains that you personally enjoy.
FAQ: Indica vs Sativa
The following are some of the most common questions about the difference between indica and sativa.
Which Is Better: Indica or Sativa?
Neither indica nor sativa are inherently better. Tying out different strains will help you decide which gives you a more favorable high. If you want to feel relaxed, reduce pain, or need help falling asleep, an “indica” strain (with terpenes like myrcene and linalool) is recommended. If you need to be energized and uplifted, a “sativa” strain (containing limonene and/or pinene) may be better.
Is Sativa an Upper or a Downer?
Myrcene and linalool (commonly present in strains labeled “indica”) can produce a “downer” or more relaxed high. Sativa strains often have higher limonene content, which may elevate mood and produce an “upper” high. Experimenting with various strains will help you decide which kind of "high" aligns best with your mind and body.
Can You Get Pure Indica or Sativa?
A few strains are labeled as pure indica (such as Afghan Kush and Hindu Kush) or pure sativa (such as Jack Herer and Durban Poison). However, it is difficult today to find a true landrace strain that is 100% pure indica or sativa. There are, however, indica- and sativa-dominant strains that are close to being pure.
What Are Some of the Best Sativas?
The best sativa strains may produce feelings such as euphoria, focus, and creativity. Some of the strongest sativa strains may even help people who suffer from mood and attention disorders. Below are some popular sativa strains available at our Seattle, WA dispensaries:
Jack Herer
Lemon Meringue
Blue Dream
Candy Queen
Dutch Haze
What Are Some of the Best Indicas?
The best indica strains may produce feelings such as relaxation and calmness. Some of the strongest indica strains are famous for their tendency to make people sleepy. Below are some popular indica strains available at Higher Leaf:
Granddaddy Purple
Trophy Wife
Kimbo Kush
God’s Gift
Spiked Punch
Indica vs Sativa: Choosing the Right Strain for You
The best way to figure out whether you prefer sativa or indica is by experimenting with both and paying attention to how you feel. The indica vs sativa myth states categorically that indica strains will make you feel drowsy and sedated, whereas sativa strains will make you feel energized. However, this is more a matter of collective experience rather than a botanical fact.
Every individual's body chemistry will respond differently when consuming marijuana. Start by consuming small doses of a given cannabis strain and slowly increase your dose until you reach your ideal high. Tune into your body and mind and let them decide which strain works best for you.